近日,作物遗传改良国家重点实验室和湖北洪山实验室周道绣和赵毓教授课题组在The Plant Cell 杂志上在线发表题为“A coiled-coil protein associates Polycomb Repressive Complex2 (PRC2) with KNOX/BELL transcription factors to maintain H3K27me3 and gene repression in shoot apex”的研究论文,揭示了PRC2相关蛋白PACP通过调控组蛋白H3K27me3修饰参与水稻茎尖分生组织(SAM)活性维持的表观遗传机制。
组蛋白H3第27位赖氨酸三甲基化(H3K27me3)是一类维持基因和基因组沉默的关键组蛋白修饰,在动植物生长发育和环境适应性应答中发挥着重要的调控作用。H3K27me3修饰由多梳蛋白复合物2(PRC2)催化建立和维持,组蛋白去甲基化酶负责去除(Li et al., The Plant Cell, 2013)。植物茎顶端分生组织发育是地上部分所有器官的来源,是决定农作物地上部分的生物量、产量和品质的重要因素。本课题组前期研究发现,PRC2及其参与催化的H3K27me3修饰在水稻顶端分生组织活性的维持和侧生器官建成过程中发挥着重要功能(Liu et al., The Plant Cell. 2015;Cheng et al., Nucleic Acids Research, 2018),但其具体调控机制尚不清楚。本项目从水稻PRC2特异的靶向招募机制入手,以鉴定和研究水稻PRC2 非核心组分为切入点,对PRC2及H3K27me3参与SAM发育的调控机制进行了解析。
本研究利用免疫沉淀偶联质谱(IP-MS)和酵母双杂交等方法鉴定到一类新的PRC2相关因子,命名为 PACP (PRC2 Associated Coiled-coil Protein),该蛋白C端含有特殊的Coiled-coil 结构域。研究发现PACP蛋白除了能够形成同源二聚体外,还可以与PRC2核心组分以及SAM发育的重要调控因子KNOX/BELL相互作用。PACP蛋白在植物进化中极其保守,最早在轮藻中出现,这表明该蛋白可能在植物的形态建成中发挥重要的功能。PACP与PRC2核心组分功能缺失的水稻植株都表现为植株矮化、分蘖增多和早花等表型。细胞学进一步分析发现这些突变体的顶端分生组织都变小;突变体转录组数据分析发现大量侧生器官发育相关的基因在SAM中异位高表达。同时, PACP功能缺失导致了水稻基因组中H3K27me3修饰以及PRC2结合水平都显著降低,这些结果表明PACP维持SAM活性依赖于PRC2及H3K27me3对SAM中促进侧生器官发育基因的抑制。染色质免疫沉淀数据分析表明PACP与 PRC2在水稻全基因组的分布模式相似,它们直接调控的下游基因大部分都可以被KNOX蛋白OSH1结合。该研究解析了PACP 参与PRC2 的募集机制以及在招募位点通过H3K27me3修饰维持顶端分生组织活性的机制,建立了染色质修饰、SAM活性以及基因表达调控之间的直接联系,为PRC2介导的水稻顶端分生组织发育调控机制的阐明奠定了基础。
华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室、湖北洪山实验室和生命科学技术学院博士后谭丰全和王文韬为该论文共同第一作者,周道绣教授和赵毓教授为共同通讯作者。该研究得到国家自然科学基金、中央高校基本科研业务费等项目的资助。
原文链接:https://academic.oup.com/plcell/advance-article/doi/10.1093/plcell/koac133/6580212?searchresult=1
【英文摘要】
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), which mediates the deposition of H3K27me3 histone marks, is important for developmental decisions in animals and plants. In the shoot apical meristem, TALE (Three Amino acid Loop Extension) family KNOX/BELL transcription factors are key regulators of meristem cell pluripotency and differentiation. Here, we identified a PRC2-associated coiled-coil protein (PACP) that interacts with KNOX/BELL transcription factors in rice (Oryza sativa) shoot apex cells. A loss-of-function mutation of PACP resulted in differential gene expression similar to that observed in PRC2 gene knockdown plants, reduced H3K27me3 levels, and reduced genome-wide binding of the PRC2 core component EMF2b. The genomic binding of PACP displayed a similar distribution pattern to EMF2b, and genomic regions with high PACP and EMF2b binding signals were marked by high levels of H3K27me3. We show that PACP is required for the repression of cell differentiation-promoting genes targeted by a rice KNOX1 protein in the shoot apical meristem. PACP is involved in the recruitment or stabilization of PRC2 to genes targeted by KNOX/BELL transcription factors to maintain H3K27me3 and gene repression in dividing cells of the shoot apex. Our results provide insight into PRC2-mdiated maintenance of H3K27me3 and the mechanism by which KNOX/BELL proteins regulate shoot apical meristem development.